"The courtyard holds the key to a deeper understanding of the Chinese state of mind - from everyday life to culture, polity and society."
Confucius's Courtyard, Bloomsbury, 2021
Design by Xing RUAN: Shanghai Jiao Tong School of Design Building. Section model photo by ZHANG Yifan
BOOK REVIEWS
Confucius’ Courtyard: Architecture, Philosophy and the Good Life in China, London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2021.
[Confucius' Courtyard] is a delightful reflection on and exposition of the significance of the courtyard to the Chinese conceptualization of the cosmos and way of life...Ruan elegantly weaves together literary, philosophical, artistic and architectural musings. The book is both learned and readable.
The Times Literary Supplement(泰晤士报文学增刊), London
What can I say? This is a truly magnificent work of scholarship for the understanding of China, one that I have been waiting for - China as a civilization at the centre of which is the courtyard: an architectural feature that embodies the doctrine of the mean set in a material world, compact enough to be readily accessible to reason and lived with due deference to the social rites and rules under Heaven's benign patronage, a world that modern society has vigorously transgressed in recent decades, leading us to wonder, what follows? Unlike many scholarly books Xing Ruan's comes to life, almost jumps off the page, because it draws not only on traditional sources in history and philosophy, but also on charming narratives of how the Chinese people actually lived. It is a book for the scholar's study and for the hammock by the seashore. It is a triumph that I envy!
Yi-Fu Tuan, J.K. Wright and Vilas Professor Emeritus of Geography, University of Wisconsin
An enchanting story paradoxically woven round a void - the courtyard - it offers a fresh account of the transformations of the Chinese city.
Joseph Rykwert, Paul Philippe Cret Professor Emeritus of Architecture, University of Pennsylvania
Xing Ruan grasps a fundamental architectural element as an insightful window for understanding broader issues of society and history. Ruan’s elegant prose soars as he weaves nuanced observations, classical Chinese writings, and building throughout the world into a cohesive narrative.
Ronald G. Knapp, SUNY Distinguished Professor Emeritus, State University of New York Paltz
This humane and intelligent study compares courtyard buildings of widely different ages and geographies. Deep insight into architectural world-building is the result. Apparently empty, the courtyard is full of potential, actualized historically in ways that still make sense, even today.
David Leatherbarrow, Professor of Architecture, University of Pennsylvania
“a wonderful book… I thoroughly recommend it.”
David Rutledge, ABC Radio National, Australia
ABOUT XING RUAN
Xing RUAN 阮昕, PhD, is Dean and Guangqi Chair Professor of Architecture at School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. He is a member of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Academic Committee. Xing joined Sydney’s University of New South Wales (UNSW) as Professor of Architecture in 2004. He was Associate Dean at the Faculty of the Built Environment (2015-2018), Director of Architecture (2014-16), Chair of Architecture Discipline and Director of Master of Architecture from (2005-09). Prior to his appointment to UNSW, he was Head of School of Architecture at the University of Technology Sydney (2002-04).
He is Curator of the 18th International Architecture Exhibition of La Biennale di Venezia – China Pavilion; and Architectural Curator of the 2019 Shanghai Urban Space Art Season Biennale.
Xing Ruan’s scholarly interests lie in the study of physical laws of architectural forms, as well as their ‘social life’ in a broad historical and cultural context. More specifically, his work, while concerning legible relations between humans and their built world, searches for pattern and meaning through the study of building configurations and types. His research topics include: comparative study of Western and East Asia’s architectural history, a cultural history of housing, housing design and way of living, vernacular architecture and cultural anthropology, architectural education, resilient architecture and design approach, urban renewal, and the study of Asia’s architecture and urbanization against the background of Western discourse.
BOOKS
Confucius’ Courtyard: Architecture, Philosophy and the Good Life in China
London: Bloomsbury Publishing
For more than three thousand years, Chinese life – from the city and the imperial palace, to the temple, the market and the family home – was configured around the courtyard. So too were the accomplishments of China's artistic, philosophical and institutional classes. Confucius' Courtyard tells the story of how the courtyard – that most singular and persistent architectural form – holds the key to understanding, even today, much of Chinese society and culture.Allegorical Architecture: Living Myth and Architectonics in Southern ChinaHonolulu: University of Hawaii Press
Allegorical Architecture offers the first detailed architectural analysis of built forms and building types of the minority groups in southern China and of the Dong nationality in particular. Allegorical Architecture is a work of refreshing originality and compelling significance. It will provide timely lessons for those concerned with the meaning and social sustainability of the built world and will appeal to architects, planners, cultural geographers, anthropologists, historians, and students of these disciplines.New China ArchitectureBoston and Singapore: Tuttle/Periplus
New China Architecture seizes this moment in time. It documents both the stunning designs of famed architects and the emergence of a whole new generation of Chinese architects. The selected projects cover a broad range of residential homes, public buildings, office towers and the adaptive reuse of older city precincts. The buildings featured include skyscrapers in Shanghai, the dazzling new designs for the Beijing Olympic Games venues, innovative private houses such as those at the Commune by the Great Wall and the now mandatory gleaming new airports and city landmarks.Hand & Mind:Conversations on architecture and the built world
Sydney: University of New South Wales Press
In Hand & Mind architects and designers reflect on the parts of their practice that are often hidden—their inspiration, the genesis of projects, and problems encountered.This image-rich and strikingly designed book profiles a series of projects from UNSW alumni, staff, and students, from Glen Murcutt and Sam Marshall to Felicity Stewart and Matthias Hollenstein.Through dialogues, interviews, creative reflections and essays, Hand & Mind brings together projects and critical writing to provide a fascinating insight into the study of architecture.Topophilia and Topophobia: Reflections on Human Habitat in the Twentieth CenturyLondon and New York: Routledge
This book is about the love and hate relations that humans establish with their habitat, which have been coined by discerning modern thinkers as topophilia and topophobia. Whilst such affiliations with the topos, our manmade as well as natural habitat, have been traced back to antiquity, a wide range of twentieth-century cases are studied here and reflected upon by dwelling on this framework. The book provides a timely reminder that the qualitative aspects of the topos, sensual as well as intellectual, should not be disregarded in the face of rapid technological development and the mass of building that has occurred since the turn of the millennium.ESSAYS
Book Chapters
- Ruan, X. “Architecture by Hand and Mind” in Ruan, X. and Murray, A. eds. Hand & Mind:Conversations on architecture and the built world, Sydney: NewSouth Publishing, 2018. p. 6-16. ISBN – 10: 1742234364.
- Ruan, X. “Yang Tingbao, China’s Modern Architect in the Twentieth Century”, in Jeffery Cody et al. eds. Chinese Architecture and the Beaux-Arts, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2010. p. 153-168. ISBN – 10: 0824834569.
- Ruan, X. “The Dong Tower”, in Xing Ruan et al. eds. Skyplane, Sydney: University of New South Wales Press, 2009. p .74-83. ISBN 978 086840 822 4 (pbk)
- Ruan, X. “The Character of a Building”, in Xing Ruan and Paul Hogben eds. Topophilia and Topophobia: Reflections on the Human Habitat in the Twentieth Century, London and New York: Routledge, 2007, p. 92-113. ISBN 10: 0-415-40323-5 (hbk), ISBN10: 0-415-40324-3(pbk)
- Ruan, X. and Hogben, P. “Architectural Enclosure: A Prologue to Topophilia and Topophobia” in Xing Ruan and Paul Hogben eds. Topophilia and Topophobia: Reflections on the Human Habitat in the Twentieth Century, London and New York: Routledge, 2007, p. 1-11. ISBN 10: 0-415-40323-5 (hbk), ISBN10: 0-415-40324-3(pbk)
- Ruan, X. “Flower Architecture”, in Bligh Voller Nield Monograph, Beijing: China Architecture and Building Press, 2005, p. 14-21. ISBN: 7112075467
Journal Essays
Referred Essays in Journals and Conference Proceedings
- Ruan, X. 阮昕. “ ‘Jiawu shehui·chengshi jiawu——shanghai jiaotong daxue sheji dalou’ “家屋社会 · 城市家屋——上海交通大学设计大楼” [House Society, House Urbanity Shanghai Jiao Tong School of Design Building] Jianzhu xuebao 建筑学报 [Architectural Journal] , 2024(05)
- Ruan, X. 阮昕. “ ‘Yingsheng chushi’ yu ‘xiuci chengzhang’——zuowei xintongshi de ‘sheji siwei’ “营生处事”与“修词成章”——作为新通识的“设计思维” ” [Utility and Symbolism:“Design Thinking”as the New Liberal Arts] Shanghai jiaotong daxue xuebao(zhexue shehui kexue ban) 上海交通大学学报(哲学社会科学版) [Journal of SJTU(Philosophy and Social Sciences)] , 2023(04)
- 阮昕|段义孚“天人合一”的心路历程,上海书评,2022
- Ruan, X. 阮昕. “ Pingfan de‘xiandaixing’——yangtingbao jianzhu pinxi 平凡的“现代性”——杨廷宝建筑品析” [The Ordinary “Modernity” On the Architecture of Yang Tingbao] Jianzhu xuebao 建筑学报 [Architectural Journal] , 2021(10)
- Ruan, X. 阮昕. “ Daxue‘guanli’de wuqu +‘sheji’yingdui 大学“管理”的误区+“设计”应对 [The Misconception of University “Management” and the “Designed” Responses] Jianzhu xuebao 建筑学报 [Architectural Journal] , 2021(04)
- Wang, Hao 汪灏, Ruan, X. 阮昕. “ Midu de wuqu——yizhong lilun kuangjia de chonggou密度的误区——一种理论框架的重构” [The Misconceptions of Density: Towards a New Theoretical Framework] Jianzhu xuebao 建筑学报 [Architectural Journal] , 2020(11)
- Ruan, X. 阮昕. “ Yiyu yuxing—renleixue yu minju zatan 意馀于形——人类学与民居杂谈” [The Meaning Surpassesthe Form: Musings on Anthropology and Vernacular Architecture] Jianzhu chuangzuo 建筑创作 [ArchiCreation], 2020 (02)
- Ruan, X. “The Temperament of a City: A Postscript to Post-Olympic Beijing”, in Footprint – Delft School of Design Journal, Delft University of Technology, (Spring 2013) 7/1: 55 – 65. ISSN: 1875 – 1504
- Ruan, X. “Ephemeral China/Handmade China”, in Footprint – Delft School of Design Journal, Delft University of Technology, (Spring 2008) 2: 5 – 13. ISSN: 1875 – 1504
- Ruan, X. “Accidental Affinities: American Beaux-Arts in Twentieth-century Chinese Architectural Education and Practice”, in JSAH (Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians), Chicago: the Society of Architectural Historians. (March, 2002) 61 (1): 30-47. ISSN: 0037-9808
- Ruan, X. “Empowerment in the Practice of Making and Inhabiting”, Journal of Material Culture, 1(2) 1996: 211-238. London: Sage.
Authored Columns and Creative Written Work
- 阮昕:“设计思维”,一种以“人心”为本的新通识,有方,2023
- Ruan, X. (14 February, 2017). “Why the Sydney Opera House is a little overcooked” in The Conversation, The Conversation Media Group Ltd.
- Ruan, X. (27 September, 2016). “Dear Mr Trump: Here’s how you build a wall” in The Conversation, The Conversation Media Group Ltd.
- Ruan, X. (5 August, 2016). “Why a building and its rooms should have a human character” in The Conversation, The Conversation Media Group Ltd.
- Ruan, X. (14 July, 2016). “Shanghai, a modern metropolis born of a refugee crisis” in The Conversation, The Conversation Media Group Ltd.
- Ruan, X. (21 January, 2016). “Why the million-dollar view is bad for our body and our soul” in The Conversation, The Conversation Media Group Ltd.
Non-refereed Articles in Journals and Conference Proceedings
- Ruan, X. “Vale Sir Ian Athfield, the Genuine Architect”, in Architecture Australia, (v.104, no.3), May/June 2015:105-6. ISSN: 0003-8725
- Ruan, X. “Shuitu xueren [Terroir and Scholar]”, in World Architecture (vol.299 – Special Issue: Anthology of Distinguished Architectural Alumni of South-East University) 2015: 48. ISSN: 1002-4832
- Ruan, X. Book Review: Building Globalization: Transnational Architecture Production in Urban China, Xuefei Ren, University of Chicago Press, in Asian Studies Review (Vol.36 ) December, 2012: 551-594, London: Routledge
- Ruan, X. “The Great Image Has No Form”, in Architecture Australia, (v.101, no.2, issue 0003-8725), March/April 2012:100. ISSN: 0003-8725
- Ruan, X. “Beijing Olympic Tennis Centre”, in Architecture Review Australia, (v.106, August) 2008: 78-87. ISSN: 1323367X
- Ruan, X. “Sustained Awareness: The National Bank of Australia by Bligh Voller Nield”, in Architecture Review Australia, (v.92, March) 2005: 96-101. ISSN: 1323367X
- Ruan, X. “The ‘Sins’ of Construction”, in Architecture Bulletin July/August:8, 2003, Sydney: RAIA NSW Chapter, ISSN:072908714
- Ruan, X. Book Review: Chinese Architecture by Fu Xinian, Guo Daiheng, Liu Xujie, Pan Guxi, Qiao Yun and Sun Dazhang, Edited by Nancy S. Steinhardt, Yale University Press, in Architectural Theory Review (Vol.8 no.1) 2003: 96-97, Sydney: Sydney University
- Ruan, X. “Aozhou Jianzhu de Liyou [The Reason for Australian Architecture]”, in World Architecture (vol.145 July) 2002: 25-26. ISSN: 1002-4832
- Ruan, X. “Primitive Huts on the Beach”, Architecture Australia, 2001, March/April: 32, Melbourne: Architectural Media. ISSN: 00038725 (Unauthorised version in Perth newspaper “Post” on 4 April 2001)
LECTURES
- “Why the meaning of architecture may not be intrinsically linked to its fabrication”-Xing Ruan and Jeffry Broadfield, AIA, 2016.
YouTube:RIBA Architecture,2020
YouTube:UNSW Community,2013
INTERVIEWS
- 【建言丨对话阮昕】建筑与人之间的温度,才是其意义所在,Roca Gallery乐家艺术廊,2023
- 威双回顾|三个月接力手记,中国馆是怎样建成的,卷宗Wallpaper,2023
- 对话威双中国国家馆策展人阮昕:“千城一面”中的变与不变,iWeekly周末画报,2023
- Design theme revealed for Chinese pavilion at Venice IAE,CGTN,2023
- 看第18届威尼斯建筑双年展中国馆策展人阮昕如何解读策展主题,凤凰艺术,2023
- 设计·上海 | 专访阮昕:建设世界一流设计之都的“上海模式”,社会科学报,2022
- 上海交大设计学院院长阮昕:设计汇聚“人心”,方能打造活力城市空间,上观新闻,2022
- China, Confucius and the courtyard,The Philosopher's Zone,Interview with David Rutledge,ABC Radio National,2022
- 20 Minutes With: Architect and Author Xing Ruan,Barron's Penta Interview,2021
- Interview with Michael Portillo,On Confucius’ Courtyard,2:50:39,Times Radio,2021
- 虚拟空间,在中国已存在上千年, 三联生活周刊,2021
- SIACW专访 | 文化交流焕活建筑新生——访上海交通大学设计学院院长阮昕, 上海市建筑学会, 2021
- 阮昕:建筑与生活方式 | 涵芬大讲堂第10期,商务印书馆,2020
- POPULAR WAY TO RENOVATE OLD STRUCTURES,看看新闻Knews综合,2020
- HISTORICAL BUILDING PRESERVATION GIVEN MODERN TWIST,看看新闻Knews综合,2020
- 上海交大设计学院院长阮昕:什么是“国际一流”的标准?, 有方空间, 2020
- 上海交大设计学院首任院长阮昕:“外化而内不化”, 建日筑闻, 2020
- Xing Ruan: “With External Change, Internal Consistency Persists”, ArchDaily, 2020
- 黄居正×王骏阳×庄慎:阮昕新著《浮生·建筑》三人谈, 有方空间, 2020
- 上海交大设计学院院长阮昕:归国后的这段日子, 有方空间, 2019
- "We should learn a lesson or two from history about the art of the window" - UNSW's Xing Ruan, Stephanie McDonald, 2016
- Dr Xing Ruan, Guest Speaker – New Century Garden: Talking About Public Art in Chinatown, 4A CENTRE FOR CONTEMPORARY ASIAN ART,2011
- China Radio International “People in the Know”, interview with Paul James, on the Dubai Tower and the meaning of high-rise buildings, 2010
- ABC Radio National Artworks Program, New Chinese Architecture, 2007
YouTube:Austin Williams,2021
Bilibili: 上海交大设计学院,2020
Bilibili: 上海城市空间艺术季,2019
Shanghai Jiao Tong School of Design
The Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Design Building is a remodeling of an existing building complex. Relying on the symmetrical plan of the original building, a new interior courtyard was created, forming a spatial sequence from a Chinese “Court and Hall” to a Roman peristyle. The central courtyard is a civic space for academic exchange between students and faculty. It is covered by an engineered timber truss derived from the traditional Chinese “lever arch bridge” structure, forming a hybrid space-frame of large spans. This particular approach attempts to find a way to gradually substitute unsustainable reinforced concrete structures.Curator of the 2019 Shanghai Urban Space Art Season
The Shanghai Urban Space Art Season in 2019 revolved around “waterfront space, and creating a better life.” It presented the cultural connotations and public significance behind the concepts of the “good life” and the “enigma of water.” In addition, it told stories with multi-dimensional displays through the curation of four aspects consisting of historical dimension, academic rigor, cutting-edge technology, and public participation.CONTACT
Email:xr.studio@outlook.com